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Thursday 28 June 2012

RAMDAN LATEST WALLPAPERSS


Ramadan is the only month in which all Muslims refrain themselves from eating, drinking and sexual activities from dawn until its sunset in order to make their fast complete. The mission and the main aim of fasting is to teach Muslims how to show patience, humility, spirituality and is a time for Muslims to fast for the sake of God - Arabic: الله‎, trans: Allah - to show tolerance and to offer more prayer than usual that is five times a day regularly. The Holy month of Muslim is just coming talking about Ramadan Kareem. Almost every Muslim where ever they are, used to wait for this Religious month Ramadan Kareem because this is the month of blessings and the month in which whatever you wish Allah Almighty listen to you and fulfill your desires as Muslims continuously asks for forgiveness for past sins and bad deeds, pray for future guidance during the whole month of Ramadan.
HD crescent on Ramadan Karim 2012 card
You are free to use any of these Ramadan Kareem / Ramazan Mubarak wallpaper to set them as your desktop wallpaper or to send to your friends, family or co-workers as these all Ramadan Kareem wallpapers are gathered from different source.

Beautifully designed mosque on Ramazan Kareem Cards.

Warm wishes on a Ramadan kareem greeting card

HD quality Ramadan Mubarak for card for your desktop

Crescent moon on a Ramadan wishes card

    Arabic greetings on a Ramadan Kareem wishes card

May the blessing of this Holy month (Ramadan) be upon you card

Ramadan kareem mubarak kulle 3aam wa antum bikher

Hold tight to the rope of Allah in this month of blessings

   2012 Ramadan Kareem Deen o duniya apk sath by Amir Liaquat

Bright ramazan mubarak card enlighten your heart and soul

Ramzan or Ramdan Mubarak? Depends on your accent! May God accept our good deeds

     Kulle aam wa antul bikhair Ramadan mabrook card


  Complete moon in the whole month of Ramadan 2012

   Arabic written رمضان مبارك card 2012

   Blinking رمضان كريم in arabic with shine roses for Ramadan

     Taqabbalallahu minna wa minkum Ramadan Kareem Mubarak Wallpapers

When Is Ramdan 2012 in USA


Ramadan (also known as Ramadhan or Ramzan) is the ninth month in the Islamic calendar. It is a period of prayer, fasting, charity-giving and self-accountability for Muslims in the United States. The first verses of the Koran (Qu'ran) were revealed to the Prophet Muhammad (also written as Mohammad or Muhammed) during the last third of Ramadan, making this an especially holy period.
Ramadan lanterns are popular during the month of Ramadan. ©iStockphoto.com/GHOSS

What do people do?

Ramadan is a month of fasting for many Muslims in the United States. Fasting during Ramadan is one of the Five Pillars (fundamental religious duties) of Islam. It is a time of self-examination and increased religious devotion.
People of Islamic faith are encouraged to read the entire Qur'an during Ramadan. Some Muslims recite the entire Qur'an by the end of Ramadan through special prayers known as Tarawih, which are held in mosques every night of the month, during which a section of the Qur'an is recited.  Ramadan is also a month for acts of charity. Some Islamic centers and organizations actively take part in charity events and activities such as giving basic necessities, including food and clothing, to the homeless or donating school equipment to schools.
Some schools for students of Islamic faith may hold special events to welcome Ramadan. Some school authorities may issue requests on or prior to Ramadan, asking staff members at all schools within a district to help Muslim students perform their fasting ritual.

Public life

Many Islamic businesses and organizations may amend opening hours to suit prayer times during Ramadan in the United States. There may also be some congestion around mosques during prayer times, such as in the evenings.

Background

Ramadan is the ninth month in the Islamic calendar, which consists of 12 months and lasts for about 354 days. The word “Ramadan” is derived from an Arabic word for intense heat, scorched ground and shortness of food and drink. It is considered to be the most holy and blessed month. Fighting is not allowed during this period.
The month of Ramadan traditionally begins with a new moon sighting, marking the start of the ninth month in the Islamic calendar. Many Muslims (except children, the sick and the elderly) abstain from food, drink, and certain other activities during daylight hours in Ramadan. This is considered as the holiest season in the Islamic year and commemorates the time when the Qu’ran (Islamic holy book) is said to have been revealed to the Prophet Muhammad. This occurred on Laylat Al-Qadr, one of the last 10 nights of the month.  Ramadan ends when the first crescent of the new moon is sighted again, marking the new lunar month’s start. Eid-al-Fitr is the Islamic holiday that marks the end of Ramadan.

About Ramadan begins in other countries

Read more about Ramadan begins.

Ramadan begins Observances

Note: Regional customs or moon sightings may cause a variation of the date for Islamic holidays, which begin at sundown the day before the date specified for the holiday. The Islamic calendar is lunar and the days begin at sunset, so there may be one-day error depending on when the New Moon is first seen.

RAMADAN Reflections on Fasting


RAMADAN

Reflections on Fasting

Ramadan is the month during which the Quran was revealed, providing guidance for the people, clear teachings, and the statute book. Those of you who witness this month shall fast therein. Those who are ill or traveling may substitute the same number of other days. GOD wishes for you convenience, not hardship, that you may fulfill your obligations, and to glorify GOD for guiding you, and to express your appreciation. [2:185]
Ramadan is the ninth lunar month in the Islamic calendar. Muslims (Submitters) all over the world fast every day of this month from dawn to the sunset. During fasting, the Muslims abstain from eating,
drinking and sexual encounter as decreed by God in verse 2:187 of the Quran.
At the outset, for somebody who does not have experience with it, fasting seems to be hardship on the people. It is very common for Muslims (Submitters) to have a colleague or a friend exclaim, “…You mean you cannot even drink water till sunset, not even a sip!”
The Submitters know that God did not reveal His laws to be a hardship for us (3:108). In fact obeying and following God’s commands, such as fasting during the month of Ramadan, is for our benefit both physically or spiritually.
Many medical professionals recognize that fasting is beneficial to our health. It provides a break in the cycle of rigid habits and gives some of our internal organs much-needed rest. However, in our emphasis on refraining from food, drink, and marital relations during the daylight hours, we should not forget many other important aspects of this sacred time. Perhaps, it would help us to remember not only the physical act of fasting, but also its underlying purpose:

O you who believe, fasting is decreed for you, as it was decreed for those before you, that you may attain salvation. (2:183)



Ramdan 2012 Date in India


Eid al-Fitr (Ramzan Id, Eid-ul-Fitar, or Idul-Fitr) is a gazetted holiday in India. It celebrates the end of Ramadan and marks the first day of the Islamic month of Shawwal.
Muslim child and mother expressing joy.
Many Muslims dress in fine clothing and children may receive gifts on Eid-ul-Fitar. ©iStockphoto.com/DistinctiveImages

What do people do?

India's Eid-ul-Fitar festival starts on the first day of the month of Shawwal (or Shawwl). Many Muslims attend communal prayers and listen to a sermon at Eid al-Fitr. Those have not given the charity known as zakat al-fitr during Ramadan do so during Eid al-Fitr. Zakat al-fitr consisting of a quantity of food, such as barley, dates, raisins or wheat flour, or its monetary equivalent given to poor people in the community.
It is common for Islamic communities organize communal meals. Many Muslims in India also wear new clothes, visit family members, exchange Eid cards and give presents of sweets and small toys to children.

Public life

National, state and local government offices, post offices and banks are closed. Islamic stores, businesses and other organizations may be closed or have reduced opening hours. Those wishing to use public transport on the day may need to contact the local transport authorities to check on timetables.
Large prayer meetings, parades and marches may cause local delays to traffic, particularly in areas with a predominantly Muslim population and areas that are close to large mosques.

Background

Eid-ul-Fitar is one of the two major festivals in the Islamic calendar. Ramadan is the ninth month of the lunar year.
Note: There are different variations of spelling Eid-ul-Fitar.

Ramadan and Eid al-Fitr


Ramadan is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar. Islam uses a lunar calendar-that is, each month begins with the sighting of the new moon. Because the lunar calendar is about 11 days shorter than the solar calendar used elsewhere, Islamic holidays "move" each year. In 2012, Ramadan begins at sundown on July 19th.
For more than a billion Muslims around the world-including some 8 million in North America-Ramadan is a "month of blessing" marked by prayer, fasting, and charity. This year Ramadan precedesChristmas and Hanukkah. But while in many places these holidays have become widely commercialized, Ramadan retains its focus on self-sacrifice and devotion to Allah (God).

Why this Month?

Muslims believe that during the month of Ramadan, Allah revealed the first verses of the Qur'an, the holy book of Islam. Around 610 A.D., a caravan trader named Muhammad took to wandering the desert near Mecca (in today's Saudi Arabia) while thinking about his faith. One night a voice called to him from the night sky. It was the angel Gabriel, who told Muhammad he had been chosen to receive the word of Allah. In the days that followed, Muhammad found himself speaking the verses that would be transcribed as the Qur'an.
At many mosques during Ramadan, about one thirtieth of the Qur'an is recited each night in prayers known as tarawih. In this way, by the end of the month the complete scripture will have been recited.

Fasting

Muslims practice sawm, or fasting, for the entire month of Ramadan. This means that they may eat or drink nothing, including water, while the sun shines. Fasting is one of the Five Pillars(duties) of Islam. As with other Islamic duties, all able Muslims take part in sawm from about age twelve.
During Ramadan in the Muslim world, most restaurants are closed during the daylight hours. Families get up early for suhoor, a meal eaten before the sun rises. After the sun sets, the fast is broken with a meal known as iftar. Iftar usually begins with dates and sweet drinks that provide a quick energy boost.
Fasting serves many purposes. While they are hungry and thirsty, Muslims are reminded of the suffering of the poor. Fasting is also an opportunity to practice self-control and to cleanse the body and mind. And in this most sacred month, fasting helps Muslims feel the peace that comes from spiritual devotion as well as kinship with fellow believers.

Eid al-Fitr

Ramadan ends with the festival of Eid al-Fitr, which in 2012 occurs on Aug. 19. Literally the "Festival of Breaking the Fast," Eid al-Fitr is one of the two most important Islamic celebrations (the other occurs after the Hajj, or pilgrimage to Mecca). At Eid al-Fitr people dress in their finest clothes, adorn their homes with lights and decorations, give treats to children, and enjoy visits with friends and family.
A sense of generosity and gratitude colors these festivities. Although charity and good deeds are always important in Islam, they have special significance at the end of Ramadan. As the month draws to a close, Muslims are obligated to share their blessings by feeding the poor and making contributions to mosques.

2013 Ramdan

Ramadan - the holy month of fasting for Muslims around the world will begin on or around July 10, 2013.

Eid MubarakWhen is Ramadan in 2013 - Ramadan is a special time for Muslims across the world. Falling in the tenth month of Shawwal, the Islamic calendar, it was at this time of the year when the Angel Gibril revealed to the Prophet Mohammed Allah’s will and so were written the very first verses of the Holy Qur'an. The month of Ramadan is spent fasting from dawn to dusk everyday - it is a time to introspect, reflect and reinforce the bond between the Almighty and the faithful.

Ramadan culminates in the festival of Eid-ul-Fitr - when the period of restraint ends in an extravagant explosion of joie de vivre, festivities and feasting. The devout gather together to offer Eid prayers and greet each other in a rejuvenated spirit of camaraderie. Eid is a day of thanksgiving, of peace, of remembrance, of charity and of forgiveness, celebrated amidst great jubilation once the delicate silver sliver of the crescent moon has been sighted. The festival of Eid-ul-Fitr forges fraternal and communal love, self-discipline and commitment to Allah.

Islamic Ramdan Grettings Cards & Facebook Timelines About Ramdan


Being a Muslim its your duty to greet your Muslim brother a very happy, soothing and successful Ramazan Kareem. The dates of Ramadan according to Islamic calendar moves backward every year about ten days depending on the moon. Ramadan is actually the ninth month of Islamic calendar written as Arabic: رمضان‎ Ramaḍān, Arabic pronunciation: [rɑmɑdˤɑːn]) also - Ramazan, Ramzan, Ramadhan, Ramdan, Ramadaan. Ramadan was the only month in which the first verses of the Qur’an were revealed to the Islamic Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w). It has been estimated that Ramadan Kareem is going to be started in 2012 from the 20th of July. Your single sentence or a single wish can bring smile on some one's face To make them more happy and make your wish/ greeting more beautiful its better to send any of these cards to your relative, family, friend and facebook fans. We collected beautiful and best Ramazan Kareem cards and wishes for you from Google's wide list of cards. 

Ramadan mubarak glittering cards

   Hope you will do good deeds in this month of Ramadan

Blessed friend hugging in ramadan card

Blinking ramadan mubarak card with good health wishes

Ramadan kareem wishes with a bucket full of fruits 

Nice prayers and wishes for the month ramadan on this card

Masjid are bright and full in Ramadan karim card

   
   Ramadan is coming shaitan is leaving..

     Facebook logo ramadan kareem cards

Beautiful mosque on ramadan kareem wallpaper

  
  Hd Ramadan karim cards with a holy book

kulle aam wa antum bikhair (Ramadan)

  May God accept our deeds in ramadan and in our coming life

   
Best prayer to read as much as you can in Ramadan

 Collection of mix Ramadan cards

Ramadan mubarak facebook cover photos

 Ramadan kareem cover photos for facebook timeline

Tuesday 19 June 2012

Beauty Parlors and Islam

Now a days Business of beauty parlors is full of dangers. In these parlours generally music is being played which has been prohibited by Allah swt and His Prophet SAW. In many of these parlours plucking of eye brows is being done which has been strictly prohibited by Rasool Allah SAW.


Many of these parlours don't maintain the commands related to Hijab between members of same genders. Most of these parlours don't take care of the command of Rasool salal laho aliehi wasalam that women can use make up but cannot use perfumes when they are outside their homes.

Many parlours also don't take care of the commands of Rasool salal laho aliehi wasalam that men and women who copy members of other genders are cursed people.Many of these are also using artificial hair for beautification which is prohibited in Islam

There are many other things where there is violation of commands of Allah and His Rasool salal laho aliehi wasalam so it is better to avoid this business so that a person does not fall into haram without having bad intention.

Any one who wants to do this business should be well aware of the commands of Allah swt and His Rasool salal laho aliehi wasalam related to beautification of women and he/she must not violate these commands otherwise he will have to face burden of sins of many other people besides his/her own sins. May Allah guide us all to do Halal Businesses.

Choosing Between Halal and Haram

Allah SWT has declared some things Halal for us and other Haram and that is done for our own benefit. Allah SWT creator of everything knows what is good for us and what is bad for us that is why he has told us the difference between Halal and Haram. For Example Here is a list of Halal and Haram Things.



Lets think which option is better for us Halal or Haram?

1 Tauheed or Shirk
2 Sunnah or innovation
3 Recitation or Music
4 Nikah or Zina
5 Excercise or Dance
6 Milk or wine
7 Wife or Girlfriend
8 Umrah or Waste of Money
9 Dog or Cat
7 Goat or pig
8 Sacrifice or Greed
9 Dedication or Carelessness
10 Hijab or Nudity
11 Truth or Lie
12 Peace or Fight
13 Zakat Or Interest

We can clearly see that Halal things are good for us while the Haram things are harmful. Lets make doing Halal things our routine and stay away from Haram.

Monday 18 June 2012

Article - An examination of important Islamic dates fixed by the Saudi Arabian Authorities

 

I. Introduction

As is well known, for any given place, the new Islamic month begins when the young crescent moon is visible in the evening sky. Traditionally, the sighting is approved by the community if it is reported by two reliable witnesses. 

What is true in general is of course true for the holy city of Makkah. The calendar of Makkah is particularly important because of the annual pilgrimage of Hajj, centred on this town. This pilgrimage draws millions of people from almost every country in the world. Thus it is particularly incumbent on the Saudi Arabian authorities to fix an accurate date each year for Hajj. Because of the place Makkah occupies in the conscience of every pious Muslim, it is equally important to fix accurately the two other major feast days of Islam: the beginning and end of the fasting month of Ramadan. 

In our project of establishing an accurate scientific islamic calendar for Makkah based on the calculated and predicted visibility of the new moon, we have enlarged upon the notion of visibility in Makkah around the sunset that follows the birth of the new moon. Invisible at conjunction, the crescent cannot be seen until at least ten hours after this recurrent monthly event. However, instead of trying to spot the crescent in Makkah around sunset, it is perfectly legitimate to allow oneself more time and take into consideration the whole interval of time between sunset and the early morning prayer (fajr) on the following day. 

In practice, since each point on the terrestrial globe (except the north and south poles which are singularities) describes a circle of 360° in 24 hours around the axis of rotation of the earth, it is very easy to convert the interval of time between sunset in Makkah and the prayer of next day fajrinto an interval of longitude to the west of Makkah. We have called this limiting longitude of observation of the crescent the limiting horizon. We postulate that any sighting of the crescent up to the limiting horizon will be considered as sighting in Makkah itself, since it occurs before fajr in this town. All the more reason if the sighting takes place before the limiting horizon, at some intermediate horizon. 

For each new moon, if no sighting is possible in Makkah itself, we predict the sighting to the west of this locality on the basis of calculated and plotted visibility curves. These curves have been established by Syed Khalid Shaukat. The reader will find examples of these curves on Mr. Shaukat’s site www.moonsighting.com or on our site Makkah Islamic Calendar. On the basis of the predicted visibility of the crescent we have commissioned photographs from reliable observatories or individual astronomers in the USA, Canada, Argentina and so on. A remarkable series of young crescent photographs exists in the photo gallery of our site. These photographs are a clear proof of the accuracy of our visibility curves. 

The reader will find an extensive development of what is said above in the introduction to our site as well as in its FAQ section. The more technically minded reader will find in the Announcements section of our site the reference to an Islamic Calendar Article recently published in a well known international scientific journal called Selenology Today. 

II. The official calendar used by the Saudi Arabian Authorities [The Umm al-Qura calendar]

Known as the Umm al-Qura calendar the Saudi Arabian Authorities uses the following criteria for determining the beginning of the Islamic month. These criteria apply since the Islamic year 1423 :
If on the 29th day of the lunar month the following two conditions are satisfied, then the next day is the first day of the new lunar month: 
      1. The geocentric conjunction occurs before sunset
      2. The moon sets after the sun 
Otherwise, the current month will last 30 days. 
It is obvious that the actual sighting of the young crescent is not taken into account. Many discrepancies have been reported about the beginning of the lunar month under these circumstances. Even if the conjunction is shortly before sunset, with no possibility of viewing the crescent on that particular evening, the month will be declared as over, contrary to Islamic law.

III. The Hajj pilgrimage and the feast days as fixed by the Saudi Arabian authorities

Intrigued and worried about the accuracy of the major Islamic dates fixed by the Saudi Arabian authorities, we asked Syed Khalid Shaukat to carry out an expertise. Acting upon our request, he was kind enough to prepare three tables covering the span of 32 Hegirian years from 1400 to 1431. These tables concern:
   1. The beginning of Dhu’l Hijja (the 9th of this month is the date of Wukuf Arafat and the 10th is the date of Hajj) 
   2. The beginning of Ramadan 
   3. Eid Al Fitr (1st of Shawwal) 
Each table provides the following information: 
   1. First column: the Hegirian year 
   2. Second column: the Gregorian date fixed by Saudi Arabia 
   3. Third column: Date of birth of the new moon in Makkah 
   4. Fourth column: Time of birth of the new moon in local Makkah time 
   5. Fifth and sixth columns: the status of the visibility of the moon according to calculated visibility curves (green or blue visibility zones only) on       the day before the official date fixed by Saudi Arabia. The fifth column gives the status of visibility in Makkah itself, whereas the sixth column       gives the status of visibility to the west of Makkah either at the limiting horizon or before it at an intermediate horizon. Following are the tables prepared by Syed Khalid Shaukat. 

1st Of Dhul-Hijjah
Hegirian
Year
Greogorian date fixed
by Saudi Arabia
dd/mm/yyyy (DDD)
Date of Birth
Of
New Moon [Makkah]
New Moon
Birth
Time [Makkah]
Status of Moon visibility according to the
Visibility Curves for day before this date
Green or Blue in Makkah
Green or Blue West of Makkah
1400
10-Oct-1980 (Fri)
9-Oct-1980 (Thu)
05:50
No
Yes
1401
29-Sep-1981 (Tue)
28-Sep-1981 (Mon)
07:07
No
Yes
1402
18-Sep-1982 (Sat)
17-Sep-1982 (Fri)
15:09
No
No
1403
8-Sep-1983 (Thu)
7-Sep-1983 (Wed)
05:35
No
Yes
1404
27-Aug-1984 (Mon)
26-Aug-1984 (Sun)
22:25
No
No
1405
17-Aug-1985 (Sat)
16-Aug-1985 (Fri)
13:05
No
No
1406
6-Aug-1986 (Wed)
5-Aug-1986 (Tue)
21:36
No
No
1407
27-Jul-1987 (Mon)
25-Jul-1987 (Sat)
23:38
No
Yes
1408
15-Jul-1988 (Fri)
14-Jul-1988 (Thu)
00:54
No
Yes
1409
4-Jul-1989 (Tue)
3-Jul-1989 (Mon)
08:00
No
Yes
1410
23-Jun-1990 (Sat)
22-Jun-1990 (Fri)
21:56
No
No
1411
13-Jun-1991 (Thu)
12-Jun-1991 (Wed)
15:07
No
No
1412
2-Jun-1992 (Tue)
1-Jun-1992 (Mon)
06:58
No
Yes
1413
22-May-1993 (Sat)
21-May-1993 (Fri)
17:08
No
No
1414
11-May-1994 (Wed)
10-May-1994 (Tue)
20:08
No
No
1415
30-Apr-1995 (Sun)
29-Apr-1995 (Sat)
20:37
No
No
1416
19-Apr-1996 (Fri)
18-Apr-1996 (Thu)
01:50
No
Yes
1417
8-Apr-1997 (Tue)
7-Apr-1997 (Mon)
14:03
No
No
1418
29-Mar-1998 (Sun)
28-Mar-1998 (Sat)
06:15
No
Yes
1419
18-Mar-1999 (Thu)
17-Mar-1999 (Wed)
21:49
No
No
1420
7-Mar-2000 (Tue)
6-Mar-2000 (Mon)
08:18
No
Yes
1421
24-Feb-2001 (Sat)
23-Feb-2001 (Fri)
11:22
No
No
1422
13-Feb-2002 (Wed)
12-Feb-2002 (Tue)
10:42
No
No
1423
2-Feb-2003 (Sun)
1-Feb-2003 (Sat)
13:49
No
No
1424
23-Jan-2004 (Fri)
22-Jan-2004 (Thu)
00:06
No
Yes
1425
11-Jan-2005 (Tue)
10-Jan-2005 (Mon)
15:04
No
Yes
1426
1-Jan-2006 (Sun)
31-Dec-2005 (Sat)
06:13
No
Yes
1427
21-Dec-2006 (Thu)
20-Dec-2006 (Wed)
17:02
No
No
1428
10-Dec-2007 (Mon)
9-Dec-2007 (Sun)
20:41
No
No
1429
28-Nov-2008 (Fri)
27-Nov-2008 (Thu)
19:56
No
No
1430
18-Nov-2009 (Wed)
16-Nov-2009 (Mon)
22:15
No
Yes


1st Of Ramadan
Hegirian
Year
Greogorian date fixed
by Saudi Arabia
dd/mm/yyyy (DDD)
Date of Birth
Of
New Moon [Makkah]
New Moon
Birth
Time [Makkah]
Status of Moon visibility according to the
Visibility Curves for day before this date
Green or Blue in Makkah
Green or Blue West of Makkah
1400
13-Jul-1980 (Sun)
12-Jul-1980 (Sat)
09:47
No
No
1401
2-Jul-1981 (Thu)
1-Jul-1981 (Wed)
22:05
No
No
1402
22-Jun-1982 (Tue)
21-Jun-1982 (Mon)
14:52
No
No
1403
11-Jun-1983 (Sat)
11-Jun-1983 (Sat)
07:37
No
No
1404
30-May-1984 (Wed)
30-May-1984 (Wed)
19:48
No
No
1405
20-May-1985 (Mon)
20-May-1985 (Mon)
00:41
No
No
1406
8-May-1986 (Thu)
9-May-1986 (Fri)
01:10
No
No
1407
28-Apr-1987 (Tue)
28-Apr-1987 (Tue)
04:35
No
No
1408
17-Apr-1988 (Sun)
16-Apr-1988 (Sat)
15:01
No
No
1409
6-Apr-1989 (Thu)
6-Apr-1989 (Thu)
06:34
No
No
1410
27-Mar-1990 (Tue)
26-Mar-1990 (Mon)
22:49
No
No
1411
17-Mar-1991 (Sun)
16-Mar-1991 (Sat)
11:11
No
Yes
1412
5-Mar-1992 (Thu)
4-Mar-1992 (Wed)
16:23
No
No
1413
22-Feb-1993 (Mon)
21-Feb-1993 (Sun)
16:06
No
No
1414
11-Feb-1994 (Fri)
10-Feb-1994 (Thu)
17:31
No
No
1415
31-Jan-1995 (Tue)
31-Jan-1995 (Tue)
01:49
No
No
1416
21-Jan-1996 (Sun)
20-Jan-1996 (Sat)
15:51
No
No
1417
10-Jan-1997 (Fri)
9-Jan-1997 (Thu)
07:27
No
Yes
1418
30-Dec-1997 (Tue)
29-Dec-1997 (Mon)
19:58
No
No
1419
19-Dec-1998 (Sat)
19-Dec-1998 (Sat)
01:43
No
No
1420
9-Dec-1999 (Thu)
8-Dec-1999 (Wed)
01:33
No
Yes
1421
27-Nov-2000 (Mon)
26-Nov-2000 (Sun)
02:12
No
Yes
1422
16-Nov-2001 (Fri)
15-Nov-2001 (Thu)
09:41
No
Yes
1423
6-Nov-2002 (Wed)
4-Nov-2002 (Mon)
23:36
No
Yes
1424
27-Oct-2003 (Mon)
25-Oct-2003 (Sat)
15:51
No
Yes
1425
15-Oct-2004 (Fri)
14-Oct-2004 (Thu)
05:49
No
Yes
1426
4-Oct-2005 (Tue)
3-Oct-2005 (Mon)
13:29
No
No
1427
23-Sep-2006 (Sat)
22-Sep-2006 (Fri)
14:46
No
No
1428
13-Sep-2007 (Thu)
11-Sep-2007 (Tue)
15:45
No
Yes
1429
1-Sep-2008 (Mon)
30-Aug-2008 (Sat)
22:59
No
Yes
1430
22-Aug-2009 (Sat)
20-Aug-2009 (Thu)
13:03
No
Yes
1431
11-Aug-2010 (Wed)
10-Aug-2010 (Tue)
06:09
No
Yes


Eid Al Fitr (1st of Shawwal)
Hegirian
Year
Greogorian date fixed
by Saudi Arabia
dd/mm/yyyy (DDD)
Date of Birth
Of
New Moon [Makkah]
New Moon
Birth
Time [Makkah]
Status of Moon visibility according to the
Visibility Curves for day before this date
Green or Blue in Makkah
Green or Blue West of Makkah
1400
11-Aug-1980 (Mon)
10-Aug-1980 (Sun)
22:10
No
No
1401
1-Aug-1981 (Sat)
31-Jul-1981 (Fri)
06:53
No
Yes
1402
21-Jul-1982 (Wed)
20-Jul-1982 (Tue)
21:57
No
No
1403
11-Jul-1983 (Mon)
10-Jul-1983 (Sun)
15:18
No
No
1404
29-Jun-1984 (Fri)
29-Jun-1984 (Fri)
06:18
No
No
1405
18-Jun-1985 (Tue)
18-Jun-1985 (Tue)
14:58
No
No
1406
7-Jun-1986 (Sat)
7-Jun-1986 (Sat)
17:01
No
No
1407
28-May-1987 (Thu)
27-May-1987 (Wed)
18:14
No
No
1408
16-May-1988 (Mon)
16-May-1988 (Mon)
01:11
No
No
1409
6-May-1989 (Sat)
5-May-1989 (Fri)
14:47
No
No
1410
26-Apr-1990 (Thu)
25-Apr-1990 (Wed)
07:28
No
Yes
1411
15-Apr-1991 (Mon)
14-Apr-1991 (Sun)
22:39
No
No
1412
4-Apr-1992 (Sat)
3-Apr-1992 (Fri)
08:02
No
Yes
1413
24-Mar-1993 (Wed)
23-Mar-1993 (Tue)
10:15
No
No
1414
13-Mar-1994 (Sun)
12-Mar-1994 (Sat)
10:06
No
No
1415
2-Mar-1995 (Thu)
1-Mar-1995 (Wed)
14:49
No
No
1416
19-Feb-1996 (Mon)
19-Feb-1996 (Mon)
02:31
No
No
1417
8-Feb-1997 (Sat)
7-Feb-1997 (Fri)
18:07
No
No
1418
29-Jan-1998 (Thu)
28-Jan-1998 (Wed)
09:02
No
Yes
1419
18-Jan-1999 (Mon)
17-Jan-1999 (Sun)
18:47
No
No
1420
7-Jan-2000 (Fri)
6-Jan-2000 (Thu)
21:15
No
No
1421
27-Dec-2000 (Wed)
25-Dec-2000 (Mon)
20:23
No
Yes
1422
16-Dec-2001 (Sun)
14-Dec-2001 (Fri)
23:48
No
Yes
1423
5-Dec-2002 (Thu)
4-Dec-2002 (Wed)
10:35
No
Yes
1424
25-Nov-2003 (Tue)
24-Nov-2003 (Mon)
02:00
No
Yes
1425
13-Nov-2004 (Sat)
12-Nov-2004 (Fri)
17:28
No
No
1426
3-Nov-2005 (Thu)
2-Nov-2005 (Wed)
04:26
No
Yes
1427
23-Oct-2006 (Mon)
22-Oct-2006 (Sun)
08:15
No
Yes
1428
12-Oct-2007 (Fri)
11-Oct-2007 (Thu)
08:02
No
Yes
1429
30-Sep-2008 (Tue)
29-Sep-2008 (Mon)
11:13
No
No
1430
20-Sep-2009 (Sun)
18-Sep-2009 (Fri)
21:45
No
Yes
1431
10-Sep-2010 (Fri)
8-Sep-2010 (Wed)
13:31
No
No

The results of this expertise are disturbing and we would like to present them to the reader for comment. 

IV. The beginning of Dhu’l-Hijja

As mentioned above, the tenth of this month determines the date of the Hajj pilgrimage. Our calendar for Makkah allows an accurate prediction of this date for decades. But what do we notice in the official dates fixed by the Saudi Arabian authorities as they figure in column 2 of the Dhu’l-Hijja table? The beginning of Dhu’l-Hijja would be valid if the crescent was visible on the previous evening, either at Makkah itself or at the limiting horizon or at an intermediate horizon before the limiting horizon. 
The reader will easily notice from the column 5 of the appropriate table that, at not a single date between 1400 and 1430, was the crescent visible at Makkah itself. To the west of Makkah, at the limiting horizon or before it, the crescent was visible in 14 years out of 31, which is the span between 1400 and 1430. For the remaining 17 years, the crescent was invisible both in Makkah and to the west of Makkah before the fajr prayer next day. Thus, in 17 cases out of 31 – more than half – the Saudi Arabian authorities have fixed a wrong date for the Hajj pilgrimage. We leave the question of the motivation of the authorities as an open question for our readers.

V. The beginning of Ramadan

We have the official Saudi Arabian dates from 1400 to 1431 in the appropriate table, which is for a span of 32 years. The fifth column shows that the crescent was never visible in Makkah itself and the sixth column indicates that it was visible to the west of Makkah – at the limiting horizon or before – 12 times out of 32 only. Thus 20 out of the 32 dates fixed for the beginning of Ramadan are erroneous. We leave the conclusion to the reader. 

VI. The first of Shawwal or Eid Al’Fitr (end of Ramadan)

The case is similar to that of the beginning of Ramadan. During the 32 years from 1400 to 1431, the crescent was never visible in Makkah whereas it was visible to the west 12 years out of 32. The years in which the visibility occurred are not necessarily the same as for the beginning of Ramadan.Once again, we find the situation of 20 erroneous dates out of 32.

VII. Particularly flagrant cases

We have shown above that most of the dates fixed by the Saudi Arabian authorities for the major feast days of Islam are not correct since the crescent could not possibly have been sighted before sunset in Makkah on the previous day. But what should one say about a situation where the new moon was not even born on the sunset of the day prior to the feast day declared? Unfortunately, such cases are frequent as we will show below with a few examples. The month is declared to be begun on day X, but the new moon is born on that day only. Here are a few illustrations. Each time, we invite the reader to refer to the appropriate table.

Beginning of Ramadan

Take the year 1403, for instance. The Saudi Arabian authorities declared the month as begun on 11th June 1983. So the crescent should at least have been present on 10th June evening, before sunset. But what do we notice? The new moon was born only on 11th June at 7:37 in the morning. In other words, conjunction occurred after the month began!
During the following year, 1404, the same anomaly is repeated: Ramadan was declared as started on 30th May 1984, but was the crescent present on the 29th? No, it was born on the 30th itself, at 19:48 hours, or 7:48 in the evening. A full day of the fasting month – supposedly begun – had to elapse before conjunction occurred.
It would be tedious to multiply the examples for totally irrelevant dates for the beginning of Ramadan. We invite the reader to check out the same phenomenon for the years 1405, 1406, 1407,1409, 1415 and 1419. 
Thus, in 8 years out of the 32 in the table, Ramadan was declared as begun without the new moon even being born. This means 25% of the cases! 

The first of Shawwal or Eid Al Fitr (end of Ramadan)

The cases that are particularly troublesome are less than for the beginning of Ramadan, but nonetheless present.
Take 1404, for instance: the end of Ramadan was declared on 28th June 1984. Since the beginning of Ramadan had been declared on 30th May 1984 (see above), 30 days of fasting were completed on the 28th June 1984. So, in a way, the new month had to begin on 29th June 1984. But it so happens that the new moon was born on the 29th June only, at 6:18 in the morning. Since the beginning of the month was illicit according to Islamic law, the end of the month was illicit as well. 
Instead of multiplying the examples, we invite the reader to check out on the years 1405, 1406, 1408, and 1416. In the case of the years 1405 and 1406, the beginnings of Ramadan were illicit as well.
Thus in 5 years out of 32, or in 16% of the cases, Ramadan was declared as ended before conjunction occurred.

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